DIFFERENTIAL AND BEVEL GEARDIFFERENTIALSYSTEMS OPERATIONTM 5-3805-263-14&P-2DIFFERENTIALThe differential is used to send power from thetransmission,through the final drives, to thewheels. When the rear wheels on one side areturning slower than the rear wheels on the otherside (as in a turn) the differential lets the insidewheels stop or turn slower in relation to theoutside wheels.The output flange of the transmission turns theshaft for the bevel gear pinion (6). The bevelpinion (6) turns the bevel gear (4) which isfastened to the differential housing. The differen-tial has four pinions (7), a spider (5) for thepinions,and two side gears (8) and (9). Theconnection between the four pinions (7) and thetwo side gears is at right angles through a gearmesh. Splines make the connection between theside gears and the shafts to the final drives.When the machine is moving straight in aforward direction and the differential is in theUNLOCK position, the same amount of traction isunder the wheels on each side. The same amountof torque that is sent to each shaft for the finaldrive stops pinions (7) so they can not turn onspider (5). This gives the same effect as if bothtandem drives were driven by the same shaft. Whenthe force that is sent to the shaft is not the same(as in a turn) forces that are not the same are puton opposite sides of the differential. This actionmakes pinions (7) turn. The rotation of pinions (7)lets the inside two wheels go slower or stop inrelation to the two outside wheels. This moves themachine through the turn under full power.The housing for the differential runs on taperedroller bearings. Pinions (7) turn on hardened steelbearings. Pinions (7) and side gears (8) and (9) turnagainst thrust washers which take the end thrustagainst the differential housing.The differential gets lubrication from oil thrownabout inside the bevel gear housing. A flat surfaceon each shaft of the spider (5) lets lubrication goto pinions (7) and to the thrust washers.2-27
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